I tried with OPL BDM 4. LINK? Currently OPL does not have any file-system driver in-game. - Added global pademu Controller Settings to the main menu. ELF and put it into. 1. 色々言い間違いしてたら申し訳ない‼MC2SIO | MX4SIO 使用方法 ※動画を参考にしてください。1.ゲームテックHP. 1. 1. Requisitos: Los. I tried to follow the instructions from the MrMario youtube channel but could not get OPL to load. I tested it with a Trancend 32gb micro sd formatted fat32. Compatibility isn't awesome, though surprisingly good given that POPS was only ever used for one game. OPL ZSO's compatibility list has very few entries; PS2-HOME's OPL compatibility list mentions some OPL versions that aren't mentioned in the official OPL GitHub repository (those which start with "r" or end with "_db") and they're most likely obsolete, too; The last two compatibility lists are obsolete according to PSX-Place itself. Jul 25, 2023. Please contact the moderators of this subreddit if you have any questions or concerns. Games appear in OPL fine, and can be played for a random amount of time until a cutscene randomly drops out or the game crashes. 3. NOTE:. tonyflow, Apr 4, 2022. If You have detection problem on so many cards problem lie in MX4SIO hardware or OPL. Jun 27, 2022. MX4SIO SIO2SD SD/TF Card Adapter. New Posts. Berion said: ↑. It doesn't save the settings in the Micro SD, and doesn't load them. OPNPS2LD-v1. - More accurate/complete OPL language translations - Improvements to NBD code (for managing internal drives over the network) - The introduction of PADMACRO, a controller turbo/macro plugin - The introduction of ZSO format support, which can reduce game size and loading times but also reduce compatibility - MX4SIO is now able to use. 1. "OPL DB" which you probably mean is officially "dead". I have used USB for a long time and it was horrible. Make sure to enable MX4SIO in the BDM settings in OPL and format to fat32. Checks. sdカードを挿したmx4sioをps2に挿す。 ps2には以下が挿入された状態で、ps2を起動しよう。 ①「fmcb化したメモリカード」 ②「sdカードを挿したmx4sioメモリカード」 *cd/dvdは何も入れない. 8B (WITH CHIP) -19. 1. (ROM versions ranging from 1. Latest: Hasan Ahmed, Nov 22, 2023 at 9:18. Network will be much faster than the usb ports on the ps2. . En este video tutorial les trigo los avances de las nuevas versiones del OPL(rev. The storage memory card slot of the MX4SIO adapter is not flat, because each adapter is hand made. There's something still wrong with USB devices + MX4SIO on Slim. Seems like latest OPL build has fixed VMC for MX4SIO. I have checked existing OPL issues for duplicates and found none; I am using either OPL latest stable version, or archived version or OPL beta version; Describe the issue. 1. para quem quer usar o homebrew OPL com suporte ao MX4SIOlinkmediafire. ELF (no games displayed in BDM category, refreshing doing nothing, FW turned on in options) And here this is probably in compatible device. Instead he changed the logo, added "DB" for "Daily Builds", integrated Pop Starter, and retained the OPL name. So as I'm sure many are aware Macho Nacho has featured videos on MX4SIO and recently a "PS2 Ultra Slim" mod that further shrinks a Slim PS2 and hard wires a Micro SD card adapter into the Memory Card. Our archived version of FMCB MX4SIO is a free McBOOT Memory Crad developed for the MX4SIO adapter. Describe the solution you'd like. XP. 9. 1912,1913,1915. 1 0 0. Hey guys! Started using an MX4SIO recently, but having a problem with reads dropping out while in games. →Return→Save CNF to. I had them add in a MX4SIO to the second memory card slot. The BDM3 was also used with these two consoles. Bundle. On psx-place, TnA suggests that the speed is around 1. Don't know what else to do. 1. :D Finally MX4SIO can be considered good in playing compatibility/ease of use. PlayStation 2. Starting from opl 1. SIO2SD is the first version. Nope, official OPL does not (and never has) supported PS1 games because Pop Starter is Sony's property. OPL version / revision. +. PS2 Play music on ps2 with MX4SIO. OPL Project - v1. Is it possible to run OPL on the PS2 via SMB while using a 2. However some games might not boot (BSOD), get stuck in random points, etc when they are. SMB is the best option IMHO, MX4SIO would be next in line if you don't want to buy a router and/or deal with the wires. -EDIT 2 1) Make sure you only have 1 x OPL (config folder) in Path: mc0:/ The Beta OPL BDM3 needs the original OPL Config folder from Official OPL v1. 0 If there is two OPL folders here, keep the OPL folder that has many files inside, and delete / rename the other OPL folder that has only 1 file inside. slowdown and stutter during some of the background transitions. It DOES do "on-the-fly" decompression on the IOP, but the amount of memory used for it is quite small and can be adjusted in OPL's GUI). Latest: pietpiet, Nov 22, 2023 at 9:20 AM. Playstation 2 Softmod & Upgrade options are huge only this easy to use MX4SIO Kit from Ali-Express it's so easy to use. HelpSaving after MX4SIO is on freezes console. I was frustrated trying to get both games to work and I noticed both games work fine from USB but I cannot launch them from MX4SIO, it just sits there with. Open PS2 Loader (OPL) is a 100% Open source game and application loader for the PS2 and PS3 units. 2016-09-29. [ISSUE]: OPL stable v1. 0. If you are only interested in playing UBS games, just follow your tutorial but use BDM menu items instead of USB in. . FirefrogEx82, Aug 28, 2021. Last edited by Windows_10_User , Oct 15, 2023 Replyfor USB, MX4SIO, i. Thread by: qnox32 , Feb 9, 2023 , 180 replies, in forum: General PS2 Discussion. 3 were used. What is the best OPL version to use with MX4SIO? 2 Sort by: Open comment sort options Anna_Apfel • 2 yr. Hey guys! Started using an MX4SIO recently, but having a problem with reads dropping out while in games. Jun 27, 2022. this happend with different micro sd, and in. for USB, MX4SIO, i. 2. My MX4SIO seems to "read" if reading is when the blue light is on, only in magic gate slot 1, but happens the same thing. 3、Plug the FMCB into the PS2 host and turn it on. - used a different symbol to made the pads easier to follow. And make sure to activate mx4sio in. #1. 0-Beta (Maximus32) MX4SIO is original project, the rest two are cheap clones with modifications not supported by OPL team which targeting MX4SIO. 3. 🔴😮Esta es una buena noticia!, En este video ponemos a prueba una versión del OPL que agrega compatibilidad de memorias micro sd o SD de la marca ADATA Y SA. ISO formats while PS2 HDD supports HDLoader format. HDD OSD users can use OPL with OPL Launcher; GUI settings reorganized and renamed; Known regressions since v1. from my understanding MX4SIO is the official standard (which supports game saving to the same card in recent OPL versions. Keep in mind that I don't have a MX4SIO gadget, so I can't test anything, but as soon as I get one (someday?) Well, the Chinese didn't wait long to make illicit copies!!! Yeah, but the worst part - it's not even a good copy, and still they use the name "MX4SIO". It supports three categories of devices : USB mass storage devices, SMB shares and the PlayStation 2 HDD unit. 1. ELF and it loads the game but still gives a black screen when running it Characteristics of everything I have 1) PS2 model NTSC 79001 2) Genuine 5-pin component cable 3) Mx4sio homemade made by me 4) 40-inch Westinghouse LED TV 5) micro SD Sandisk 4 GB speed 4 Nota: I have several OPLs on my memory. Hey there! I have noticed a "regression" of sorts in using mx4sio with OPL BDM and/or daily github builds. To make things easy for the winners, everything is formatted correctly and pre-configured with OPL BDM3, so the MX4SIO is ready to just Plug n' Play as soon as you get the pack in. I haven't done much testing beyond loading up Half-Life with OPL though. enabling smb v1 was a pain, and using the beta build of OPL for the Mac address table workaround (runs out of space for. Open PS2 Loader also is developed continuously and anyone can contribute improvements to the project. 1 pieces at most per customer. OPL APPS. So far haven't sat down to run opl been a bit busy the last day or so with work but as soon as I start testing. One of the upcoming features for OPL 1. com: RGEEK PS2 MX4SIO TF Card Adapter with 128G TF and PS2 FMCB MX4SIO Archived Version Card for PS2 All Fat and Slim Consoles, PS2 Memory Card : Electronics. The most compatible are internal HDD, USB (slow and sometimes lagging), MX4SIO (depending on the card and test build), UDPBD, Firewire (case compatibility is very low right now) and lastly SMB (although bandwidth is better than on USB and depending on the game faster or slower than MX4SIO). 4. 1. When I use USB and e. For CDs such solution is possible in theory (at least for PS2 CD games) by making UMCDR or CDX but no one ever develop such loader. 10 to 2. I am a bot, and this action was performed automatically. 9. Years ago, OPL was forked by Jay-Jay (from PS2 Home) and he never changed the name. ISOs under 700mb go in the CD folder (mirroring their real life capacity). anybody. ago. ago. 3. Many of us name OPL this way (BOOT. TnA Moderator Developer. 2. 3. There are 2 ways to update your existing installation of OPL. And their price blows my mind:- Fake MX4SIO + Fake PS2 MC / 64MB FMCB + Cheap SD card = $50 (and that is their. Years ago, OPL was forked by Jay-Jay (from PS2 Home) and he never changed the name. Try to install OPL 1. gran turismo 4 (dvd5 rip) works for me using opl bdm3 on a scph-90000 (dtl-h90001). Gender: Male. UniqueUserName, Sep 27, 2016. 1. ということなのでセットアップしてみること. 3 versions with GSM -OPL Development Team (c. 1. ELF) and put it into the BOOT folder ('cause many programs, IGR to that path, and you have to do it if you use OPL_DB and Ps1 games too, so you can IGR to OPL from Ps1 games). OPLManager converts PS1 VCDs into a file name that OPL can read and adds cover art scraping like retroarch. And their price blows my mind:- Fake MX4SIO + Fake PS2 MC / 64MB FMCB + Cheap SD card = $50 (and. Now that the software is catching up its been pretty good. duel acadamia. 7) Put MicroSD / SD back into the MX4SIO (inserted in the PS2) and load the list of games using OPL BDM3. In the tests I've done load times are at least 50% faster than dvd. 0) if stable releases doesn't work for You; and except one of the beta of 1. OPL APPS. It's advised to use the latest OPL beta going forward. 0 [Official Release] Open PS2 Loader is a 100% Open source game loader compatible with USB Advance/Extreme game format and also with plain ISO format. Amazon has a FreeMcBoot, MX4SIO and a 128gb micro sd card for $26. PLEASE THE ONLY THING MISSING FOR OPL TO BE PERFECT IS SAVE YOUR GAME. I tried to have my laptop connected via wi-fi but the cutscenes would sometimes freeze for a second. Discussion in 'Open PS2 Loader (OPL)' started by jessejames2089, Feb 21, 2023. WORKAROUNDS: Try to either keep only one device in AUTO and the rest either in MANUAL or OFF mode. 2. Other Platforms & Oldies. . I have one of the 8" portable PS2 units that you can find on AliExpress. 1. The only reason I know it's possible through SMS is because it supports reading media from discs (DVDs, CDs). 1. 2. 最新の情報を調べると「MX4SIO」という商品があり、メモリーカードにいれたmicroSDカードからゲームを起動できるようになるらしい。. Es un video colaboración del a. IMHO, this is less useful than the memcardpro for PS1. @El_isra, could you build this special OPL version in a way that tries to load UDPBD device before the USB one in case both are plugged in? Or maybe disable USB reading/mounting. Well, the Chinese didn't wait long to make illicit copies!!! Yeah, but the worst part - it's not even a good copy, and still they use the name "MX4SIO". mode 1 + 2 helps a lot. 3 versions with GSM -OPL Development Team (c. Trophy Points: 32. I don't know why, I don't have MX4SIO to test yet, but the cluster has to be between 32 or 64 kilobytes due to the exfat recommendations by @JoseAaronLopezGarcia opl and not set to 128 the cluster anything that tries to increase the BDM cache. I bought the mx4sio a few days ago and when I tested it in the 1981 version I saw that the virtual memoricard was not working correctly, because even creating the file via opl, when I try to save the game it understands it as unformatted and when I try to format it it ends up corrupting the card sd and losing access to the games, I'm currently. I initially ran into so many issues that it was not even worth it. This version includes GSM. ️ Añadir juegos PS2 ? Juegos de PS1 ? ¿Emuladores? ️ Te explico TODO al Detalle. Mais uma beta do OPL chegando na 1917, trazendo mais melhorias para o MX4SIO com suporte a VMC agora!. Use GUiFormat and format your SD cards to FAT32 and 16K clusters. ELF will not allow the matrix infinity chip to boot from there. The same games (same exact files and settings) work perfectly fine via USB and when using MX4SIO with CCV2 OPL. 0 that needs the help of as many testers as possible. -The current Beta OPL, patched for 75000's+ does not play well with VMC's and requires saving to a real memory card. Here you can find a collection of Open PS2 Loader (OPL) Apps, software, programs, utilities, and downloads. 0-Beta-DB_all-2202-642fe4e-2021-11-14 2 Where did you download this OPL version?. controversial. +. 1. I have a slim PS2 79001 model Johnnykillertech, May 12, 2022 #1147. rantex92 Well-Known Member. this is the weak point for mx4sio. elf. The original OPL got ZSO-Support, ExFAT-Support, Fragment-support, saving settings and in-game in MX4SIO fixed/working and so on. v1. internal HDD users now can change partition for storing settings. APPLICABLE: MX4SIO (Memory expansion For SIO) is an adapter for PlayStation2 that allows you to connect an memory card to the memory card slot. Per the compatibility list, virtual memory cards (VMC) in OPL appear to work with 98-99% of games. Network will be much faster than the usb ports on the ps2. 0 in BDM4. Also we recommend that you update the game compatibility details in the list after a strict check, it will help a lot, thank you. So in short USB Device Mode Start was replaced by BDM Start Mode. Hey guys just finished my internal MX4SIO mod on my PS2 came out pretty good to the point I posted here to hopefully entice someone else to do it as well is pretty simple and less of a hasle compared to rebuilding the PS2 Slim HDD. 0 and newer also support exFAT which means games larger than 4Gb will not need to be split. 01. rar/filesenhaoverclockgame. 99 4x4 Evo 2". . Facebook OPL Manager. And make sure to activate mx4sio in the settings. Long ago there was an attempt for that, but the compatibility has decreased, so it was dropped. TnA, Aug 5, 2022 #221. Workz_777, Feb 21, 2022. Choose “ OPNPS2LD-v1. OPL Manager is a awesome tool to help manage your PS2 games to use with Open PS2 Loader. ZSO is supposed to work on MX4SIO and Firewire as well! It might not be working well yet, but it is there. Trophy Points: 522. OPL 1. RGEEK SATA HDD Connector Plug Socket for Sony PS2 Playstation 2. This item: PS2 MX4SIO SIO2SD SD Card Reader Adapter. PLEASE THE ONLY THING MISSING FOR OPL TO BE PERFECT IS SAVE YOUR GAME PROGRESS ON MX4SIO. All of the features intrinsic to the latest OPL are present. All OPL versions and their forks, switching in main menu between USB/HDD, on current versions between BDM(USB/MX4SIO/i. Many of us name OPL this way (BOOT. 2. MC4SIO, MC2SIO, and so on are all cheap clones and can potentially not fully support the full feature set of MX4SIO (tho I think that's not likely the case). Arrafart said: ↑. This is an Update to the previous topic / version discussed here . SIO is the name of the PlayStation's interface chip. ID de los Juegos Probados:01:36-----God of War: SCES_531. LINK? Currently OPL does not have any file-system driver in-game. 0 1 TB external HDD connected to a nano router?MX4SIO is not a real memory card thus copying a BOOT. I submitted a PR to the ps2sdk repo a moment ago with the fix. USBメモリをPS2に挿す。 PS2には以下が挿入された状態で、PS2を起動しよう。 ①「FMCB化したメモリカード」 ②「OPLを入れたUSBメモリ」 *CD/DVDは何も入れない. 2. I do not have the MX4SIO plugged in. nevielans • 4 mo. onimusha 2 NTSC on HDD, ifcaro OPL 1226 (later revs are going a lil bit faster) rev1275 - SP193 - Increased Accurate Reads speed limit to 3600KB/s. In the PlayStation 2 it is called "SIO2". A big component of getting USB at its best is the OPL version. DO NOT go off-topic in these threads! If you got new questions, start a new topic elsewhere! 56 topics. . This means you can now have two USB storage devices + mx4sio + iLink + internal exfat HDD all at the same time, and load games off any of these devices. 1 PS2 Consoles: SCPH-50001 V9 / SCPH-70012 V12 / SCPH-77001 V15 PS2 PHAT Network Adaptor: SCPH-10281The current speed for the MX4SIO is around 1. Trophy Points: 37. 1917. Despite the fact that both OPL and neutrino have common roots, compatibility sometimes differs. Create 2 folders, one named "CD" and another named "DVD". The PlayStation 2 (PS2) is Sony's second game console. OPL is shortcut from Open PS2 Loader, application which You using for launching games from e. Asi que el dia de hoy vengo explicando como instalar de manera interna ese nuevo método conocido como MX4SIO o también llamado SIO2SD de manera detallada y comprendiendo un poco mas de su funcionamiento asi que les pido se coloquen en sintonía conmigo y puedan lograr jugar a la máxima velocidad posible en su playstation 2. You also have to keep in mind that while running OPL in the proper mode to use MX4SIO, you can't use a normal memory card AT ALL - not even in the other slot, which limits you to virtual memory cards for any game you're playing via MX4SIO. 1: and the stuttering and freezing problems seem to be gone. . 0以降)が必要になる。海外通販サイトではよく「opl入りのメモカ」が売っているが、oplは別にmx4sioだけのためのものではなく、古いバージョンのoplの可能性もあるので、購入する際は要注意。 Yeah that's right bro, Deckard PS2s + MX4SIO + OPL v1. If you're having a problem with certain game playing through OPL, maybe you should launch it with additional compatibility mode. 1. Why are they unrelated? You only answer because you want to. 0 not working and v1. It supports three categories of devices : USB mass storage devices, SMB shares and the PlayStation 2 HDD unit. It's making me seriously consider adding MX4SIO to my SMB and exFAT USB arsenal on my PS2, since it allows you to use multiple devices under BDM at the same time. 2. 0: gcc 11 toolchain used for both EE and IOP. Male. That's why i have both, OPL 1629 + Official OPL v1. Ficamos um bom tempo sem uma versão nova do OPL, recebendo apenas Pre-Releases, mas enfim chegaram! Com vários ajustes e limpezas no código que podem melhorar o desempenho e estabilidade do programa além de incluir novidades. I have checked existing OPL feature requests for duplicates and found none; Describe the FR. CG errors may occur if the MX4SIO. 0: [ISSUE] Movie playback hang on HDD after new IOP toolchain implemented #466. To be able to use VMC, You must emulate original MCSIO (so also MX4SIO took the name from the target interface). Your game backups will go in the CD and DVD folders. Apr 19, 2023. Actually there is! We have BDM in the official OPL Beta-builds now, so new devices and filesystems can/could be added easier and better, IMO. Bundle. Always Download the latest OPL builds from the Official OPL Github Release Page. If someone has a bit of time to help out, he/she is certainly welcome. He’s made a few changes but they don’t do anything different IIRC but they both do the. Open PS2 Loader also is developed continuously and anyone can contribute improvements to the project. I have recently gotten into PS2 homebrew and ordered a MX4SIO to play ps2 games on the microsd. Hello everyone! I currently own a Bitfunx MX4SIO with a 256GB FAT formatted SD card on a PS2 Slim 75001. 2、After decompressing the downloaded files, copy OPLELF to a USB disk in FAT32 format. Fien. I will test this later on today to see if I also have the same problem. New Posts. Back to my slim. First, install (only) OPL v1. I found that brands like Kingston,Samsung Evo, ADATA are working flawlessly for me, even the generic MX4SIO card that includes with the adapter, the only thing is in my case i had them already in FAT32 64KB cluster for the Raspberry Pi (Using the raspberry pi tool and the Disk something imager, i cant remember) everything runs way better with the micro. The only pity ist that SanDisk SD cards are not supported by the official OPL builds. Abel Sánchez Forum Noob. 0 BETA 2153 in FCMB, FHDB, FORTUNA, SoftDev1 and SoftDev2. So try disabling VMC in the OPL. I didn't notice any difference (performance or compatibility) between cluster sizes on exFat. I have a slim PS2 79001 model Johnnykillertech, May 12, 2022 #1147. And always replace that version inside the OPL folder each time you update OPL. SCPH-90006. From menu choose new partition table and choose "msdos". Also we recommend that you update the game compatibility details in the list after a strict check, it will help a lot, thank you. 1. The storage memory card slot of the MX4SIO adapter is not flat, because each adapter is hand made. Yes, BDM4 is currently recommended!I am making this thread because I don't know if it's appropriate to post in an existing related thread such as the MX4SIO WIP thread linked below. Latest: pietpiet, Nov 22, 2023 at 9:20 AM. My machine is an SCPH-70004 console under FMCB-1. about MX4SIO + OPL Beta v1. 3,600 2,263 397. i believe this happens because the HDD is going to fast even on mode 1,. . OpenTuna is now compatible with each PS2 Console starting from SCPH-18000 up to SCPH-90010 and PS2 TV. Checks I have checked existing OPL issues for duplicates and found none I am using either OPL latest stable version, or archived version or OPL beta version Describe the issue When I have both an m. You might want to look at the official OPL repository, because that is continually updated. 1. 1. 22K views 1 year ago. g. 6. Today's video I go over how I install games to microSD for use with MX4SIO by using the latest version of OPL manager. Adjustments made through topic to make my MX4SIO setup work well: -. First, install (only) OPL v1. . Here are the OPL compatibility lists that I've found so far: Algol's OPL Game Compatibility List: 2. I might just build slightly improved prototype. but maybe. 0-Beta-1635-1101a9d. I then added 1627 with bdm as title in fmcb, on a paralel OPL (kept the 1629 settings as bdm3 title) to see how it would work and it did the same. Retroscaler BlueRetro receiver with Xbox One Controller. It supports three categories of devices: USB mass storage devices, SMB shares and the PlayStation 2 HDD unit. In which device(s) have you experienced this issue?. The OPL build I've been using with the MC2ISO/MX4SIO is called BDM4 which is stated to have a larger compatibility list of games. AFAIK, the Helder kit comes with specific versions of OPL and FreeMCBoot, which have greater compatibility with MC2SIO. I usually have fmcb in memory card slot 2. In which device(s) have you experienced this issue?. Note 2: after further testing it seems that OPL (latest beta) does not freeze if i run it from uLaunchELF on a USB stick, but the MX4SIO is still not detected properly and shows no games. 1 with a SanDisk 4gb, I tried Van Hellsing and. com/file/cbehwpe5zq3mc2s/OPLMC. Hi, so I'm trying to start playing digital games on my PS2 since I can tell its disc drive will probably only last a few more years. Checks. Joined: Jul 1, 2018 Messages: 3,600 Likes Received: 2,263 Trophy Points: 397 Gender:Checks. Open PS2 Loader (OPL) is a 100% Open source game and application loader for the PS2 and PS3 units. The reason for doing this, is because i want to add all the games in one go to the MicroSD / SD (to avoid fragmentation). 1. NBD server for transferring files over network. The OPL build I've been using with the MC2ISO/MX4SIO is called BDM4 which is stated to have a larger compatibility list of games. MX4SIO card is 256gb using ExFAT 16kb cluster - works fine with regular OPL - when I try it with multiple USB devices (1 at a time) it keeps scanning or crash. Why You using OPL Manager in the first place? Just format card to exFAT, put on it "X:\DVD\TEST. Mas información en mi blog: mi blogs:en mi segundo canal:on 2° MC port with 4 resistors pull down trick. BDM4 is based on rev. 4 and 5 are rarely of importance. There in the root in two folders. 0 Nova Beta 1917 Mais Melhorias para MX4SIO (agora sim)! HardLevel 236 followers Join Follow 236. KNOWN OPL BUGS: since OPL 1606 ifcaro and OPL 1903_DB: there are scattered reports that if you have too many devices (i. Download OPL from the Open-PS2-Loader github. Start OPL and then remove the card, then reinsert the SD card. I even added another game (Outrun 2 - Coast 2. I have checked existing OPL issues for duplicates and found none; I am using either OPL latest stable version, or archived version or OPL beta version; Describe the issue. Console model. zso, it launches. (experimental) MX4SIO support. It aims to be more compatible with games. MC2SIO | MX4SIO 使用方法 ※動画を参考にしてください。. i don't think its a big problem and the. MX4SIO. It definitely loads faster than games do off of USB. I tested but USA and EUR versions of Yakuza, but in both, the fmv shutters a lot more on MX4Sio Than in usb. PS3 Reball ps3 Cell/RSX.